Efficacy of Food Safety Training in Commercial Food Service.

Proper food safety training is essential to decrease incidences and overall rates of foodborne illnesses and outbreaks. Though many commercial restaurants should provide proper food safety training to food handler employees, this training is not always offered or effective. Here, we summarize the results of a primary literature study concerning the effectiveness of food safety training in commercial settings. The literature chosen for review contained only studies with experimental food safety training, with before and after training data. Through evaluation of these studies, the best practice for ensuring effective training and follow-through were the use of food safety training programs, which incorporated both knowledge and behavior-based training. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Food safety managers in food service establishments may consider reevaluating their current food safety training program to incorporate behavioral-based food safety training in addition to knowledge-based training.

Statewide political activism for California academic nursing leaders.

The California Association of Colleges of Nursing (CACN) is a not-for-profit, non-partisan nursing organization whose members are the universities' Schools of Nursing that offer baccalaureate and graduate degree programs in California. The nursing deans and directors are the individuals who attend scheduled statewide meetings and actualize the mission, vision, and governance of this organization. Starting in 2011, CACN began a journey toward greater political activism that was initiated by strategic planning. During the Spring 2017 meeting, forty-four California nursing deans/directors advanced their advocacy by attending prescheduled visits with California legislators. The goals for meetings with California policy makers included: 1. Inform them about CACN as an organization and its sphere of influence and 2. Educate them about CACN's perspective on current bills in the California legislature. This manuscript details a process to assist other state organizations to move toward political activism in support of the nursing profession from the academic nursing leadership perspective.

Assessing the professional development needs of experienced nurse executive leaders.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the professional development topics that senior nurse leaders believe are important to their advancement and success. BACKGROUND: Senior/experienced nurse leaders at the executive level are able to influence the work environment of nurses and institutional and health policy. Their development needs are likely to reflect this and other contemporary healthcare issues and may be different from middle and frontline managers. A systematic way of assessing professional development needs for these nurse leaders is needed. METHODS: A descriptive study using an online survey was distributed to a convenience sample of nurse leaders who were members of the Association of California Nurse Leaders (ACNL) or have participated in an ACNL program. RESULTS: Visionary leadership, leading complexity, and effective teams were the highest ranked leadership topics. Leading change, advancing health: The future of nursing, healthy work environments, and healthcare reform were also highly ranked topics. CONCLUSIONS: Executive-level nurse leaders are important to nurse retention, effective work environments, and leading change. Regular assessment and attention to the distinct professional development needs of executive-level nurse leaders are a valuable human capital investment.